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  <section id="id1">
<h1>操纵集群<a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h1>
<span class="target" id="index-0"></span><section id="systemd-ceph">
<h2>用 systemd 控制 Ceph<a class="headerlink" href="#systemd-ceph" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>现在，所有支持 systemd 的发行版（ CentOS 7 、 Fedora 、Debian
Jessie 以及更高版、 SUSE ）都用原生的 systemd 文件来管理 ceph
守护进程，不再使用原来的 sysvinit 脚本了。例如：</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">start</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">target</span>       <span class="c1"># start all daemons</span>
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">status</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">osd</span><span class="o">@</span><span class="mi">12</span>      <span class="c1"># check status of osd.12</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>罗列节点上 Ceph 的 systemd unit 用此命令：</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">status</span> <span class="n">ceph</span>\<span class="o">*.</span><span class="n">service</span> <span class="n">ceph</span>\<span class="o">*.</span><span class="n">target</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<section id="id2">
<h3>启动所有守护进程<a class="headerlink" href="#id2" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>要启动一 Ceph 节点（任何类型）上的所有守护进程，用下列命令：</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">start</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">target</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="id3">
<h3>停止所有守护进程<a class="headerlink" href="#id3" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>要停止一 Ceph 节点（任何类型）上的所有守护进程，用下列命令：</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">stop</span> <span class="n">ceph</span>\<span class="o">*.</span><span class="n">service</span> <span class="n">ceph</span>\<span class="o">*.</span><span class="n">target</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="id4">
<h3>按类型启动所有守护进程<a class="headerlink" href="#id4" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>要启动一节点上的某一类守护进程，用下列命令：</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">start</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">osd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">target</span>
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">start</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">mon</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">target</span>
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">start</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">mds</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">target</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="id5">
<h3>按类型停止所有守护进程<a class="headerlink" href="#id5" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>要停止一节点上的某一类守护进程，用下列命令：</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">stop</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">mon</span>\<span class="o">*.</span><span class="n">service</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">mon</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">target</span>
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">stop</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">osd</span>\<span class="o">*.</span><span class="n">service</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">osd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">target</span>
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">stop</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">mds</span>\<span class="o">*.</span><span class="n">service</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">mds</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">target</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="id6">
<h3>启动单个进程<a class="headerlink" href="#id6" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>要启动某节点上的某个守护进程例程，用下列命令之一：</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">start</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">osd</span><span class="o">@</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">start</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">mon</span><span class="o">@</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">hostname</span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">start</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">mds</span><span class="o">@</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">hostname</span><span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>例如：</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">start</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">osd</span><span class="o">@</span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">start</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">mon</span><span class="nd">@ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">server</span>
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">start</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">mds</span><span class="nd">@ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">server</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="id7">
<h3>停止单个进程<a class="headerlink" href="#id7" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>要停止某节点上的某个守护进程例程，用下列命令之一：</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">stop</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">osd</span><span class="o">@</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">stop</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">mon</span><span class="o">@</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">hostname</span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">stop</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">mds</span><span class="o">@</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">hostname</span><span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>例如：</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">stop</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">osd</span><span class="o">@</span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">stop</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">mon</span><span class="nd">@ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">server</span>
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">systemctl</span> <span class="n">stop</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">mds</span><span class="nd">@ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">server</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section id="sysvinit-ceph">
<span id="index-1"></span><h2>用 sysvinit 运行 Ceph<a class="headerlink" href="#sysvinit-ceph" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>每次用命令<strong>启动</strong>、<strong>重启</strong>、<strong>停止</strong> Ceph 守护进程（或整个集群）时，你必须指定至少一个选项和一个命令，还可能要指定守护进程类型或具体例程。</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">commandline</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">options</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">commands</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">daemons</span><span class="p">]</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ceph</span></code> 命令的选项包括：</p>
<table class="docutils align-default">
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>选项</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>简写</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>描述</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--verbose</span></code></p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-v</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>详细的日志。</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--valgrind</span></code></p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">N/A</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>（只适合开发者和质检人员）用 <a class="reference external" href="http://www.valgrind.org/">Valgrind</a> 调试。</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--allhosts</span></code></p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-a</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>在 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ceph.conf</span></code> 里配置的所有主机上执行，否
则它只在本机执行。</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--restart</span></code></p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">N/A</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>核心转储后自动重启。</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--norestart</span></code></p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">N/A</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>核心转储后不自动重启。</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--conf</span></code></p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-c</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>使用另外一个配置文件。</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Ceph 子命令包括：</p>
<table class="docutils align-default">
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>命令</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>描述</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">start</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>启动守护进程。</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stop</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>停止守护进程。</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">forcestop</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>暴力停止守护进程，等价于 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">kill</span> <span class="pre">-9</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">killall</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>杀死某一类守护进程。</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cleanlogs</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>清理掉日志目录。</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cleanalllogs</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>清理掉日志目录内的<strong>所有</strong>文件。</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>至于子系统操作， <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ceph</span></code> 服务能指定守护进程类型，在
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[daemons]</span></code> 处指定守护进程类型就行了，守护进程类型包括：</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mon</span></code></p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">osd</span></code></p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mds</span></code></p></li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>



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